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Teacher, Reading, etc ... Notes (Area will expand as you enter content) Big Idea Computer hardware is designed to store and manipulate information. Hardware -Physical parts of a computer -Mouse, keyboard, monitor, etc. Software -Programs on a computer. -Programs are a list of instructions. Information is moved betweeen main and secondary memory as needed. Secondary memory deviced provide long term storage. -Operating System -controls activies. -Provied interface to the comptuer. -Manages resources; CPU and memory. -Windows, Mac Os, Unix, Linux. -application program. -Term for any other kind of software. -Word processors missile control systems, games. -Most Operating systems and application programs have a graphical user interface (GUI) Analog vs. Digital. -These are two basic ways to store and manage data. Analog -Continuous in direction proportion to the data represetented. Music on a record album. A needle rides on ridges in the groves Digital Information -Computers sotre all information digitially. umbers ,text, graphics and images ,auio, video, program instructions. In some way, all information is ditiized - broken down into pieces and represnted as numbers. Representing Text digitally. For example, every character is stored as a number, including spaces ,digits, and puncuation. -Corresponding upper and lower case letters are seperate characters. Binary Once information has been digitized, it is represented and store in memory using the binary number system. -A single binary digit (0 or 1) is called a bit. Deviced that store and move information are cheaper and more reliable if they have to represent only two states. a single bit can represent two possible states, lik ea light bulb that is either 0 - on, or 1 - off. Permutations of that are useful to store values. |
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